Anarcho-syndicalism (Violent/Pacifistic)

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CoeXisT's picture
CoeXisT
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Sep 29 2006 05:15
Anarcho-syndicalism (Violent/Pacifistic)

Hello.

I'm not very caught up in this whole "label" business, though I do have an attraction to the non-last-name labels (Leninism, Trotskyism, Stalinism, Marxism) of Anarchism. But I would also like to know what all of these labels mean when I'm asked. So, I have a basic question for all of you. I understand the basic principles of Anarcho-syndicalism, but I have a concern with its specific nature.

Specifically, can Anarcho-syndicalism be pacifist? This isn't a question of whether you think it will work or not, that's for a separate debate. My quesiton is simple, is Anarcho-syndicalism specifically violent (As far as the revolution goes) or is it also possible to be an Anarcho-syndicalist without adding another hyphen to specify whether one is a pacifist or not?

I'd rather not have to label myself as Anarcho-syndicalist-pacifist if I can help it smile

Thanks in advanced,
CoeXisT

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Sep 29 2006 05:25

well yeah i don't think it's practical, but there's no reason in principle why a-s couldn't be pacifist, especially if there was an emphasis on organising in the army rank and file so that when workplaces were occupied and revolution beckoned the troops mutinied and refused to crush you. what you'd then do if invaded i don't know, but thats a practical matter wink

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Sep 29 2006 06:42

I know for a fact that there are pacifists in the IWW in the USA. Traditionally the Catholic Workers Movement has been very close to the IWW and they preach an anarchist/pacifist form of Christianity.

check this guy out:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ammon_Hennacy

oh yeah and her:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dorothy_Day

martinh
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Sep 29 2006 08:09

In some places there has been a log tradition of pacifism and anarcho syndicalism being allied, although usually because of the cultural background of the workers in the area. I'm thinking specifically about the Netherlands, where the pacifist and anti-militarist Domela Nieuwenhuis was also an anarcho-syndicalist. There's also quite a strong pacifist streak running through the SAC in Sweden.

I think it also depends on what you mean by pacifism. Most anarchosyndicalists would describe themselves as anti-militarist as well, and many of the European unions have been connected to anti conscription campaigns where they exist. Though of course, being anti-militarist doesn't equate to pacifism per se, it's more about opposing states and their wars and the institution of the armed forces.

regards

Martin

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Sep 29 2006 11:50

actually pacifism did actually originally only refer to militarism back in the day, but then some fucking liberals came along and turnt it into a instrument of the status quo.

I'm opposed to violence but the way I see it if I refuse to part take in the violent overthrow of capitalism i'm infact further cementing myself into systematic violence. Everyday I live in capitalism I'm bound up in atrocious violence against myself and proletarians around the world. The money I lift from the ATM, that is paid into my wages, is tainted with the blood and suffering of billions, and I'd rather bloody my hands with a bayonet than with bank notes.

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Sep 29 2006 19:48

oops, double post.

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Sep 29 2006 15:06

Thanks,

I seem to have receieved two answers. Those that think it isn't possible seem to be speaking from personal opinion rather than pure theory.

To be more clear, Anarcho-syndicalism is (wikipedia):

1) Workers' Solidarity
2) Direct Action
3) Workers' Self Management

The conflict between whether it is possible to be pacifist comes (mostly) from the 2nd point. This seems, to me, a personal opinion rather than the specific idea of Anarcho-syndicalism. Whether one thinks that a pacifistic revolution is effective or not makes no difference to me, it is merely opinion.

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Sep 29 2006 15:20

Well Anarcho Syndicalism also involves self defense, you can't have a successful strike if you let the cops sheperd scabs in. You can't have a revolution without defending it.

It's not so much that total pacifism is incompatable with Anarcho Syndicalism as it is incompatiable with living.

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Sep 29 2006 15:31

Like I said, it's all a matter of opinion. I know of a few indigenous groups that wouldn't agree with you on that last point.

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Sep 29 2006 15:37

where are they buried? tongue

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Sep 29 2006 15:47
Joseph K. wrote:
where are they buried? tongue

They're still very much alive smile

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Sep 29 2006 15:54

All my hero's killed Cowboys.

And if you say it's a matter of opinion one more time I'll have to punch you, in which case what would you do?

The point about violence is that it isn't an opinion, it's 6 million marched to death.

In 1945 would you have supported the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising?

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Sep 29 2006 15:58

CoeXisT: fair enough. without getting into the ins and outs of pacifism here, i'd say that pacifist anarcho-syndocalism is everybit as tenable as pacifism generally, however you choose to take that wink

edit: looks like revol's getting into the ins and outs of pacifism tongue

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Sep 29 2006 16:00

I think it's worth having. I respect fascists more than pacifists. I mean it might be harder to have a pint with them, but on a certain level I have more respect for them.

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Sep 29 2006 16:02

yeah but when you run into a bunch of them at night, you fucking wish the fascists were pacifists!

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Sep 29 2006 16:05

Hence i wouldn't fancy having a pint with them.

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Sep 29 2006 16:27

but you're a blonde six foot slut, they'd probably wine and dine you as an aryan god/ess wink

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Sep 29 2006 17:38

I feel as though the word "pacifism" isn't correclty conveying my opinion. Non-violent revolution might be a better way to put it. I don't believe that pacifism will work, in the sense of doing absolutely nothing and merely hoping for change. I'm convinced that revolution via non-violent positive action is the proper strategy.

"I do not believe in an armed struggle because it will perpetrate the tradition that he who is best at wielding arms, wields power. Even if the democracy movement were to succeed through force of arms, it would leave in the minds of the people the idea that whoever has greater armed might wins in the end. That will not help democracy." - Aung San Suu Kyi

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Sep 29 2006 17:45

the thing is, you saw what happened in '88 to the burmese students. the army massacred so many they ran out of ammo and started drowning people in a lake (says john pilger).

in such a situation, why is it wrong to resist with force? if you see someone being attacked why not use proportionate force to stop the aggressor? i'm not pro-violence as such, it's just i don't fancy getting the shit kcked out of me/mugged/killed out of some moral absolutism

Aung San Suu Kyi not fighting against capitalism but for the norms of bourgeois democracy to be respected, a very different situation from anarcho-syndicalist revolution. Out of interest, when Franco made his coup in spain in '36, what do you think the anarcho-syndicalists should have done?

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Sep 29 2006 17:49

Yeah and I beleive in non violent action but I recognise the fact that capital won't just roll over that and we must be prepared to defend ourselves.

If it comes down to a straight fight we are fucked, but if we refuse to defend ourselves and meet violence with raised hands we will not only be fucked but will deserve to go to our graves.

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Sep 29 2006 18:00
Errico Malatesta wrote:
We seek the triumph of freedom and of love. Should we, for this reason, renounce the use of violent means? Not at all. Our means are those that circumstances allow and impose.

Of course we do not wish to lay a finger on anyone; we would wish to dry all the tears of humanity and not be responsible for more tears. But we must either struggle in the world as it is or remain helpless dreamers. The day will come, we are convinced of this, when it will be possible to serve the cause of Mankind without hurting either oneself or others; but today this is not possible. Even the purest and gentlest of martyrs, those who would allow themselves to be dragged to the gallows for the triumph of good, without resisting, blessing their persecutors, as did the Christ of the legend, would be doing harm. Besides the harm to their own persons, which after all must be reckoned with too, they would cause bitter tears to be shed by all those who loved them.

Jack Common
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Sep 29 2006 18:09

Its worth remembering that the state will resort to violence at the slightest provocation. My father-in-law received a kick in by the Met during the miners strike and subsequently had half of his large intestine surgically removed. He's not a violent man, he was simply standing on a picket line. There will quite simply never be the opportunity for 'non-violent revolution'.

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Sep 29 2006 18:18
Jack Common wrote:
There will quite simply never be the opportunity for 'non-violent revolution'.

well, if large sections of the military mutineed there would, but thats not really non-violent i suppose becuase it contains the implicit threat to the bourgeoisie: surrender or we'll shoot. if they mutineed and destroyed their weapons it would be, but then we'd be at the mercy of whatever mercenary army the state could cobble together. so i agree, basically tongue

Jack Common
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Sep 29 2006 18:24

I remember seeing Bugsy Malone on stage when I was a kid, they had those machine guns that shot foam. If we could get both sides to use those instead of AK47s...

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Sep 29 2006 18:25

aye but what about the Workers Cherry Bomb!

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Sep 29 2006 19:46

To get one thing straight, merely because I quote a person doesn't mean I support what they do. I was just attaching the name Aung San Suu Kyi to that quote as correct citation. I believe what is said in that quote, but not necessarily everything she 'fights' for.

In response to Joseph K:

I am not in any position to denounce your opinion that a non-violent revolution wouldn't work, I'm merely providing an alternative to violence, a type of revolution in which I forsee many problems post-revolution.

For instance, if after the revolution takes place (assuming we're referring to an instantaneous revolution) there are differences of opinion on what were considered previously minor details (Which there surely will be) would a person be more likely to conceed or fight for his/her beliefs? Well, he/she was just in a struggle very similar to this during the revolution so he/she doesn't see the problem with doing it again. Here you can see why some believe anarchy to be pure chaos, however wrong they are.

I propose a non-violent revolution because a post-revolutionary society is more likely to succeed if ideas are arrived at via debate rather than conflict. If anybody is in a position to impose their opinion on another via force (through weapons) then there is no reason for them to enter debate. If, however, a non-violent revolution were to take place then everybody would be on equal ground (Or, as equal as possible).

Example:

1 = Revolutionaries
2 = Powerful

1 gain access to weapons in order to take 2 out of power. 1 does a very good job and takes 2 out of power. 2 is now a part of 1. Now that the revolution is "over" people within 1 have a difference of opinions. They realize the only way they are going to get what they originally fought for (Not everybody in a revolution will be fighting for the same reasons) is through force. They have weapons from the revolution and now use those weapons to start an internal, or "civil war." Chaos ensues. 2 come back to power because the people would rather have 2 than civil war.

Now, I am no way proposing it will happen this way. It could be Barney-land and everybody will get a long, but the likely of that happening is small.

If 1 was active in a non-violent revolution, the sheer numbers of 1 will be able to overtake 2. Plus, even if 2 could kill all of 1, what will that give them? You can't be powerful if you have noone left to oppress. So, eventually 1 gets everybody together and they take part in a non-violent revolution. 2 becomes part of 1 and, once again, people come to a conflict of opinion. Well, there are no weapons involved so they now must either take part in hand-to-hand combat or in debate. Which one is more likely?

As you can see, all of my contentions with a violent revolution come about post-revolution. I have no doubt that people can "change" society by taking part in a violent revolution. But, we can all agree that the revolution isn't necessarily the important part, it's what happens after the revolution.

PS: Sorry if some of this didn't come across very well. It was all deleted the first time I tried to post it (browser problem), so I typed it up as fast as I could before I had to leave for class.

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Sep 29 2006 20:31
CoeXisT wrote:
To get one thing straight, merely because I quote a person doesn't mean I support what they do. I was just attaching the name Aung San Suu Kyi to that quote as correct citation. I believe what is said in that quote, but not necessarily everything she 'fights' for.

i wasn't suggesting you support her aims, just pointing out that her tactics are intimately related to her non-revolutionary aims and the existence of highly armed states which she hopes will support them.

CoeXisT wrote:
If anybody is in a position to impose their opinion on another via force (through weapons) then there is no reason for them to enter debate.
CoeXisT wrote:
... Well, there are no weapons involved so they now must either take part in hand-to-hand combat or in debate. Which one is more likely?

if i punch you in the throat, you will die. the capacity for violence is something we have to live with - just because i don't rule out violence doesn't mean i think it should be resorted to to settle every dispute. the destruction of weapons doesn't help here, and neither is it even possible, my bare hands, a brick, a stick are all weapons, and a spear or bow can be fashioned with relative ease. Would you ban knowledge of martial arts too? tongue Weapons are not the cause of violence. Again i'll quote Malatesta:

Errico Malatesta wrote:
The most powerful means for defending the revolution remains always that of taking away from the bourgeoisie the economic means on which their power is based, and of arming everybody (until such time as one will have managed to persuade everybody to throwaway their arms as useless and dangerous toys)

the potential problem with violence post-revolution is tackled by organisation pre-revolution - 'building the new society in the shell of the old'. If a revolution is made by organisations such as workers' councils etc, the forums for debate and indeed for running society already exist once the state is gone, and thus there is no power vacuum for violent competing groups to tussle over, only power diffused among everyone via participatory structures.

CoeXisT wrote:
You can't be powerful if you have noone left to oppress.

i think that sums up my problem with pacifism - why should i have to put up with massive - indeed genocidal - violence in the name of non-violence, and how without some belief in an afterlife, am i supposed to convince myself and others to die so pointlessly. As the first malatesta quote said, the repressive violence unleashed by refusing to meet force with force has to be considered too - and as such 'non-violence' can have very violent consequences, like Gandhi advocating the Jews exterminate themselves to prevent Nazi violence. The paradox is that if we want to minimise violence in the world we have to be prepared to fight, without fetishising violence or dehumanising those who confornt us.

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Sep 29 2006 21:32
Errico Malatesta wrote:
(until such time as one will have managed to persuade everybody to throwaway their arms as useless and dangerous toys)

I don't think it's going to be nearly that simple.

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Sep 29 2006 21:42

me neither as it happens, i chose that quote because a voluntary throwing away of weapons seemed to be what you were advocating. perhaps i misread you?

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Sep 29 2006 21:50
Joseph K. wrote:
me neither as it happens, i chose that quote because a voluntary throwing away of weapons seemed to be what you were advocating. perhaps i misread you?

Are you asking if I was advocating the voluntary disposal of weapons by the revolutionaries before or after the revolution?

Personally I would say that the destruction of weapontry should be a part of the revolution, in itself.

The whole problem with this appraoch definitely poses a problem in the current world, however. With states as they are in this time period, anarchy in and of itself would not seem to work.

By that I mean that it seems impossible to avoid being completely crushed by a capitalist country when so many of them might be invested in the country being overthrown. This would be the case for both violent revolutionaries (In that they have weapons) and non-violent revolutionaries. This is a whole separate subject, however.

I ramble all too often.

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Sep 29 2006 22:02

well i think any revolution will fail without sufficient support from the rank and file of the armed forces, even if that support consists of simply staying in the barracks when ordered to put down a revolutionary movement.

but like i say i don't think the destruction of weaponry in general serves any purpose, since it isn't the cause of violence. generally social relations are, most people have to be really pushed before resorting to violence and with most people who don't there's generally social relations/social context to their violence. we have the capacity for violence, and we have to deal with that.

i quite like Nietzsche's take on this (not often you hear a communist quote nietzsche, even a libertarian communist wink ). He basically says that only the strong are moral agents, i.e. only those with the power to do good or bad can make moral choices. pacifism strikes me as a futile attempt to abolish such power, and so escape the complexities of moral agency rather than confronting them.