German Resistance

Krüschedt, Fritz (1910-1978)

A short biography of German anarchist Fritz Krüschedt

Fritz Kruschedt was born on 14th June 1910 in the Wuppertal region of the Rhineland in Germany. After the early death of his father, his mother had to raise Fritz and his brother Gustav ( born 31st March 1912) and their sister.

Höme, Werner (1907 -1937)

Werner Höme

A short biography of German anarchist Werner Höme, murdered by the Nazis

Werner Höme, an engraver, was a member of the Social Democrat youth organisation and then the Anarchistische Tatgemeinschaft (Anarchist Action Group); this was a Dresden based youth group which produced its own paper Revolutionäre Tat ( Revolutionary Act). Three issues of this paper appeared.

Steinacker, Hermann ( 1870-1944)

A short biography of Hermann Steinacker, German anarchist murdered by the Nazis.

"Fixed and unwavering our comrade always believed in the collapse of the Nazi regime. Quiet, even humorous, he endured his imprisonment in the Munster penitentiary." August Benner writing about Hermann Steinacker.

Usinger, Georg, 1900-1990

A short biography of Georg Usinger, German anarchist active in Offenbach

Georg (Schorsch in the local dialect) Usinger grew up in a large family in Taunus before moving to Offenbach as a teenager. Offenbach am Main had a big working class population with large membership of both the Social Democratic Party and the Communist Party .

Wafner, Kurt, 1918-2007

Antifascist youth in 1935, Wafner sitting centre front row

A short biography of German anarchist Kurt Wafner.

Kurt Wafner, was born on 25th November 1918, on the Franfurter Allee in Berlin during the height of the German Revolution. His family originally had the name Wawrzyniak and his ancestors were a mixture of Polish nobility and French Huguenot refugees. His father died in early 1923, and his mother had to eke out an existence.

Street politics in Hamburg, 1932-3

Nazi brownshirts in 1932

Anthony McElligott examines the street fighting and battle for control of territory between fascists and the working class in the run-up to the Nazi seizure of power.

Doster, Gustav aka Gustl 1904-1977

Gustav Doster standing on left at illegal FAUD meeting in 1933.

Gustav Doster was a leading light in the anarchist movement in the Rhineland. He organised underground anarchist networks under Nazism and experienced the Spanish Revolution.

Gustav Doster’s father was a boiler maker, and a union militant and member of the Social Democratic Party. From 1919 until 1923 he worked as a lathe operator and then worked as an instructor of metal workers until 1933.

Friedetzky, Heinrich, 1910-1998

Heinrich Friedetzky was a German anarchist who preserved his beliefs despite the experiences of Nazism, prison and concentration camps.

The last of eight children of a railway worker, Heinrich Friedetzky was born on 8th October 1910 at Bebra in the state of Hesse, Germany. His mother died in 1913, his father in 1920. From 1912 the family lived at Ratibor in Upper Silesia, now part of Poland, where Heinrich lived with his brothers, sisters and a stepmother.

Benner, Fritz (1906-1966)

Fritz Benner

A short biography of Fritz Benner, courageous German anarchist.

Fritz Benner was born on 6th April 1906 in Solingen, Germany. By profession he was a belt operator. In 1927/28 he and his brother Willi joined the anarchosyndicalist Free Workers' Union of Germany (FAUD) in Wuppertal. His brother Eugen (usually known as August) also became involved. At this time the FAUD was past its height and only counted a few dozen members in Wuppertal.

Berner, Rudolf, 1907-1977

Rudolf Berner

A short biography of Swedish anarchist Rudolf Berner, active in Spain and in underground work in Nazi Germany.

Berner, Rudolf (Rube) AKA Frank Tireur

Born on 14 July 1907 in Skövde (West Sweden), Rudolf Berner grew up in a small farmer and working-class family of many children. He attended school and learned painting and crafts.