Germany

Nowak, Franz (1983-1945) aka Zigeuner (Gypsy)

A short biography of Franz Nowak, German anarchist murdered by the Nazis

Franz Nowak was born on the 30th August 1983 in Kravarn in Upper Silesia. He worked as a bricklayer foreman in the summer on building sites throughout the area. From 1907 he was under surveillance from the political police as an anarchist. He was arrested several times, including during the Kaiser’s visits to Breslau (now Wroclaw) in 1909 and 1910.

Czakon, Paul (1896-1952) aka Max aka Maximo Mas

A short biography of Paul Czakon, anarchist active in Upper Silesia who fought in Spain.

Paul Czakon was born on 14th July 1897 in Neider-Heiduk. He worked as a miner and fitter. Czakon was chairman of the FAUD in Beuthen (now Bytom) in Upper Silesia from 1921 and in 1930 he was one of the founders of the the Schwarzen Scharen (Black Crowds) in the region. In a house search in May 1932 the police discovered the weapons and explosives cache of the group.

Huppertz, Willy 1904-1978

A short biography of Willy Huppertz, who kept alive the flame of German anarchism.

Wilhelm Huppertz was born in 1904 in the Ruhr. He worked as a fitter. He moved from being a Christian socialist to a position of atheism. In the mid-1920s he contacted both the FAUD and the AAUE, and worked with them.

Kater, Fritz (1861 - 1945)

A short biography of Fritz Kater, important figure within FVdG and FAUD in Germany.

“Frank and direct in the presence of friends or enemies, he was one of those men who knew their limits; he was never blinded by ambition and honestly recognised the merits of others”. Rudolf

Roche, Karl (1862-1931) aka KR aka Isegrim aka Diogenes

A short biography of Karl Roche, leading light within the revolutionary German workers movement.

Karl Roche was born in on 31st October 1862 in Koenigsberg (now the Russian enclave of Kaliningrad) in Prussia as Johann Friedrich Carl Roche.

Schreyer ,Paul Albert aka Luigi 1887-1918

A short biography of Paul Schreyer, German anarchist who opposed the First World War

Paul Schreyer was born on 21st September 1887 in Zahna, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany . A member of the Hamburg Anarchistist Federation, he was editor of its weekly paper Kampf (1912-1914).

Schneider, Ernst Wilhelm 1883-1946??1970??) Aka Ikarus, Icarus

A short biography of the German revolutionary seaman Ernst Schneider

Born in Königsberg in Prussia (now the Russian enclave of Kaliningrad) on 23rd July 1883 Ernst Schneider was a harbour worker and seaman (steersman).

Benner, Fritz (1906-1966)

A short biography of Fritz Benner, courageous German anarchist.

Fritz Benner was born on 6th April 1906 in Solingen, Germany. By profession he was a belt operator. In 1927/28 he and his brother Willi joined the anarchosyndicalist Free Workers' Union of Germany (FAUD) in Wuppertal. His brother Eugen (usually known as August) also became involved. At this time the FAUD was past its height and only counted a few dozen members in Wuppertal.

Wolf, Enno (1903 -1939/1940?)

A short biography of Enno Wolf, German anarchist who perished in the Nazi concentration camps

Enno Wolf was on born on 30th August 1903. Little is known about his life. He was a member of the Kassel group of the anarchosyndicalist Free Workers' Union of Germany (FAUD).

Hannibal, Hermann 1898-1963

A short biography of Hermann Hannibal, blacksmith and member of the FAUD, imprisoned by the Nazis in Sachsenhausen concentration camp

Hermann Hannibal was born on 8 October 1898 in Kassel. Little is known about his private life. He worked as a blacksmith. Between 1919 and 1925 he had 10 criminal convictions, eight of them for theft. He had two children: Franz, born on 4th January 1930, and Ilse, also born in the 1930s.

Paul, Willi, 1897-1979

A short biography of Willi Paul, lifelong anarchist militant, active in the Anarchist-Communist Federation of Germany (FKAD) and the Spanish Civil War.

Wilhelm Paul was born on the 1st July 1897 in Goettingen. After a carpentry apprenticeship, he worked during 1915/16 as a relief worker and then as a metal worker. He then served as a soldier in the First World War. After the war, he moved to Kassel and joined the USPD, and then the Spartakusbund.

The Foreign Legion of the Revolution

German CNT members in French detention camp, 1939

Dieter Nelles
"The Foreign Legion of the Revolution“[1]
German anarcho-syndicalist and Volunteers in Anarchist Militias during the Spanish Civil War

Germany; public sector 'warning' strikes begin today

Thousands of workers have participated in short nationwide strikes called by services union ver.di; described as 'token' or 'warning' strikes, they are in response to a deadlock in pay negotiations.

With inflation at close to 3%, ver.di is demanding an 8-percent hike or a minimum increase of 200 euros ($290) per month over the next 12 months. Employers have offered a five percent raise, with the increase to be implemented in three stages, and are insisting that a new contract run for two years. They also want to increase the working week from 38.5 to 40 hours.

Germany: Metal workers strike for higher wages

Metal workers in Germany participated in a one-day strike on Thursday to push for an 8% wage hike.

Germany's main metal workers union, IG Metall, estimates that up to 10,000 workers participated in the strike on Thursday, most of whom work in the major industrial region of the Ruhr Valley. The strike affected over a dozen plants, including the ArcelorMittal factory in Bremen, where 1,500 workers succeeded in shutting down the plant for the day.

Theses on the Role of the Party in the Proletarian Revolution (KAPD, 1921)

The KAPD’s Theses on the Party were written in July 1921 to be discussed not only in the party but within the Communist International.

1. It is the historical task of the proletarian revolution to bring the disposal of the wealth of the earth into the hands of the working masses, to put an end to the private ownership of the means of production, thus rendering impossible the existence of a separate, exploiting, ruling class.

Berner, Rudolf, 1907-1977

Rudolf Berner

A short biography of Swedish anarchist Rudolf Berner, active in Spain and in underground work in Nazi Germany.

Berner, Rudolf (Rube) AKA Frank Tireur

Born on 14 July 1907 in Skövde (West Sweden), Rudolf Berner grew up in a small farmer and working-class family of many children. He attended school and learned painting and crafts.

Eisenhauer, Theodor, 1850s/1860s?-1882

A short biography of Theodor Eisenhauer, a pioneer of the anarchist movement in Germany.

Theodor Franz Eisenhauer was born in Luckau, in Brandenburg state in Germany.

He was one of the most committed and dedicated activists of the early German anarchist movement. He was a supporter of Johann Most and was associated with Peter Kropotkin in Switzerland in 1879.

Pfemfert, Franz aka Und Gaday 1879-1954

Franz Pfemfert

A short biography of Franz Pfemfert, revolutionary, publisher, editor of Die Aktion

Franz Pfemfert was born in the east Prussian town of Loetzen (today called Gizycko in Poland) on 20 November 1879. Soon after his birth his family moved to Berlin and Franz attended Joachimsthal High school.

Texidor, Greville, 1902- 1964 and Werner Droescher 1911-1978

Werner Droescher

Short biographies of Greville Texidor and Werner Droescher who both fought with the Spanish anarchist militias.

Greville Texidor was born in 1902 at Wolverhampton, the daughter of William Arthur Foster and Editha Greville Prideaux. Her father, a barrister, committed suicide in 1920 due to a scandal. Her mother was an artist who had originally moved from Auckland in New Zealand to study art in London in 1895.

Schwab, Alexander aka Sachs, 1887 -1943

A short biography of council communist and organiser of underground networks, Alexander Schwab, who died in a Nazi concentration camp.

Born on the 5th July 1887, at Stuttgart, Alexander Schwab was the son of a choir master. He studied at the Universities of Rostock, Jena, Heidelberg and Freiburg in philosophy, ancient languages, political economy and sociology. He was a member of the Free Students movement.

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