A section from 'Le mouvement communiste', Editions Champ Libre, 1972, Troisième partie: Révolution et contre-révolution., pp 166-176. Gilles Dauvé, who wrote 'Le mouvement communiste' (under the name Jean Barrot) was also involved with a group called 'Le mouvement communiste', which produced six issues of a journal of the same name between 1972 and 1974.

Footnotes
[33]. Marx, Fondements de la critique de l'économie politique (Ebauche de 1857-1858), En annexe: travaux des années 1850-1859, Trad. Par R. Dangeville, Anthropos, 1967. Vol. II, pp. 1-65 suiv.
[34]. "The bourgeoisie (...) finally absorbs all propertied classes it finds in existence" (Marx & Engels, The German Ideology, MECW vol 5 p. 77).
[35]. Le 18 Brumaire, dans Marx Les Luttes de classes en France (1848-1850), Ed. Sociales, 1948, pp. 255-256.
[36]. Letter of Engels to Schmidt, 27 October 1890, Selected Correspondence. Foreign Languages Publishing House, Moscow, 1957. pp. 500-507.
[37]. The re-appropriation of the conditions of life can be only global, universal; (Marx & Engels, The German Ideology, MECW vol 5, p. 87(?)).
[38]. Id., p. 73 (?). While pushing the movement of national State formation, communism prepared the following stage; "in recognising no homeland, the international aims at the unity of humanity (... ) it is against the watchword of nationality, because this formula has the tendency to divide the peoples" (Marx and Engels, exposition to the meeting of the general Council of the A.I.T., 25 July 1871,) There is no contradiction therefore between positions on the constitution of national States, when they represent historic progress, and the principle according to which the proletariat doesn't have a homeland (Marx & Engels, Manifesto of the Communist Party, in Marx, The Revolutions of 1848, Penguin 1973., pp. 84-5 (?) and the commentary that is made in the critique of the Gotha programme).
[39]. On the bourgeoisie and the state after the French revolution, cf. Marx & Engels, The Holy Family. MECW vol 4 pp. 123-4 (?), and Marx & Engels, The German Ideology, MECW vol 5, p. 89 (?).
[40]. On this cohesion see Marx & Engels, The Holy Family. MECW vol 4., pp. 120-21 (?).
[41]. Marx, Engels, La Nouvelle Gazette Rhénane., t.1, 1er juin-5 septembre 1848, Tra., introduction et notes par L. Netter, Ed. Sociales, 1963, passim.
[42]. "Everything that centralises the bourgeoisie is of course advantageous to the workers." (Letter of Marx to Engels, 27 July 1866. Marx & Engels, Selected Correspondence, Foreign Languages Publishing House, Moscow, 1957 p.221).
[43]. Yet since 1845, Marx and Engels affirmed that the "independence of the state" exists only in the backward countries; "The most perfect example of the modern state is North America." (Marx & Engels, The German Ideology, MECW vol 5. pp. 90.)
[44]. The interest of the bourgeoisie in this topic is sometimes contradictory; cf. 18th Brumaire in Marx Les Luttes de classes en France (1848-1850), Ed. Sociales, 1948, pp. 200, 236, 254. Besides, the Communist position is always preparation of the ulterior stage, and by a struggle against the nation and the national State; "The working class alone constitutes a real active force of resistance against national swindles" (letter of Marx to Engels, 3 August 1870, Marx, Engels, La Commune de 1871, Lettres et déclarations pour la plupart inédites, Trad. et présentation de R. Dangeville, U.G.E., 1970. p. 49).
[45]. "Bourgeoises abolish the natural state to erect and make a State that is them own." (Marx, Engels, L'Idéologie allemande. Présentée et annotée par G. Badia, Ed. Sociales, 1968., p. 381.)
[46]. In June 1848, cf. Marx, Engels, Écrits militaires, Violence et constitution des Etats européens modernes, Trad. et présenté par R. Dangeville, L'Herne, 1970., pp. 199-219; "It (the people) didn't suspect that methods of war experimented in Algeria would be used in full in Paris."(p. 204).
[47]. Le 18 Brumaire, in Marx Les Luttes de classes en France (1848-1850), Ed. Sociales, 1948, pp, 180-181.
[48]. Fondements de la critique de l'économie politique (Ebauche de 1857-1858), En annexe; travaux des années 1850-1859, Trad. Par R. Dangeville, Anthropos, 1968., vol. II, p. 86 on "regimentation" in production (also pp. 89-90).
[49]. Cf. the summary of Capital by Engels in Engels, Pour comprendre "Le Capital", Suivi de deux études de F. Mehring et R. Luxembourg sur le "Capital", Ed. Gît-le-coeur, s.d., pp. 57-58.
[50]. Fondements de la critique de l'économie politique (Ebauche de 1857-1858), En annexe; travaux des années 1850-1859, Trad. Par R. Dangeville, Anthropos, 1967. Vol. I, pp. 236-237.
[51]. Letter from Marx to Engels, 12 June 1863, Marx & Engels, Selected Correspondence, Lawrence & Wishart, 1934 VII, pp. 151-2.
[52]. Marx, Fondements de la critique de l'économie politique (Ebauche de 1857-1858), En annexe; travaux des années 1850-1859, Trad. Par R. Dangeville, Anthropos, pp. 368-371.
[53]. On the role of violence and phases of capitalism, cf. Marx, Engels, Écrits militaires, Violence et constitution des Etats européens modernes, Trad. et présenté par R. Dangeville, L'Herne, 1970., Introduction, pp. 16 17 and 23 24.
[54]. Le fil du temps, no 8, p. 27.
[55]. On "parliamentary cretinism", cf. The 18th Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte, in Marx Surveys From Exile, Penguin. 1973,
pp. 210-211.
[56]. "The state is nothing but the organized collective power of the possessing classes (...)" (Engels, The Housing Question.,
Martin Lawrence. n.d., p. 71).
[57]. See the description of the Société du Dix-Décembre (Bonapartist), The 18th Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte, in Marx Surveys From Exile, Penguin. 1973, pp. 220-222.
[58]. In respect of June 1848, Marx speaks of "war of extermination" against workers proclaimed as "enemies of society" (Marx Les Luttes de classes en France (1848-1850), Ed. Sociales, 1948, pp. 142-143).
[59]. Communisme et fascisme, Ed. Programme communiste, 1970 (texts of the P.C. italien, 1921-1924).
[60]. On Spain see articles in Invariance, nos 7 and 8, and various articles (1936-1938) in Bilan, journal of the communist left.
[61]. "Le P.C. d'Italie face à l'offensive fasciste (1921-1924)", Programme communiste, nos 45 to 50.
[62]. Thèses de la gauche communiste (1945), Invariance, no 9, pp. 24-30.
[63]. See for example "Le nouveau statut des entreprises d'Etat en Russie" (1965), Programme communiste, no 35.
[64]. "Everything which used to be reactionary behaves as if it were democratic" (letter of Engels to Bebel, 11 December 1884, (Marx & Engels, Selected Correspondence. Foreign Languages Publishing House, Moscow, 1957., p. 456).
[65]. "In any case our sole adversary on the day of the crisis and on the day after the crisis will be the whole of the reaction which will group around pure democracy, and this, I think, should not be lost sight of...." (Marx & Engels, Selected Correspondence. Foreign Languages Publishing House, Moscow, 1957. p.457.)
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