Italy 60s-70s

Content about the mass struggles in Italy in the 1960s and 70s, known as the Creeping May, and the associated Years of Lead.

Bologna, 13th March 1977.

Italy 1977-8: Living with an earthquake - Red Notes

A superb pamphlet from a time when a very high level of class struggle dominated Italian society. Despite their differences - the state, church,…

Capitalist domination and working class sabotage - Antonio Negri

Antonio Negri on capitalism, working class sabotage and the refusal of work following the mass…

Students in Italy, 1968

Cattivi Maestri: Some Reflections on the Legacy of Guido Bianchini, Luciano Ferrari Bravo and Primo Moroni - Steve Wright

Steve Wright's analysis of the ideas of three Marxists who, along with Antonio…

Strikers in 1969

Reviewing the experience of Italy in the 1970s - Negri

Antonio Negri recalls the political experience of various aspects of the mass struggles of the 1970s…

Giuseppe Pinelli

Pinelli, Giuseppe “Pino”, 1928-1969

A short biography of Giuseppe Pinelli, anarchist railway worker who was murdered by police in the Strategy of Tension. He was immortalised in…

Pietro Valpreda, front row third from left, on a hunger strike demonstration

Valpreda, Pietro, 1933-2002

A short biography of the anarchist militant and dancer Pietro Valpreda who was caught up in the Strategy of Tension.

Italian factory council

Classe Operaia - The birth of Italian Workerism

A history of the origins of the radical Italian theoretical current known as 'Operaismo' (Workerism), which began with Mario Tronti's Journal…

Potere Operaio

The Workerists and the unions in Italy's 'Hot Autumn'

A brief history of the Italian Workerists in the 'Hot Autumn' of 1969, when unions succeeded in…

Obituary: Goliardo Fiaschi, 1930-2000 - Stuart Christie

Obituary of Italian anarchist Goliardo Fiaschi by Stuart Christie from the Guardian newspaper.

Students and workers fight together on the streets of Bologna

1977: The Bologna uprising

A very brief outline of the seizure of Bologna by workers and students in 1977, and the run-up to it following the shooting of a demonstrator.

Operation Gladio

1958-1990: Operation Gladio, Italy

The history of the secret neo-fascist army in Italy set up ostensibly to resist Soviet invasion, but in reality to be used in the event of the…

August 2 1980 Bologna Central Station attack

1969-?: The strategy of tension in Italy

Information about the Italian state's "Strategy of Tension" policy in which it carried out terrorist attacks against its own people in order to…